Biofilm Formation Mechanism and Biofilm Inhibition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64614/vzs-10Keywords:
Biofilm formation, biofilm inhibition, extracellular polymeric structure (EPS), quorum sensingAbstract
Microbial colonies known as biofilms are encased in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of diseases in addition to offering ecological benefits. Reversible and irreversible attachment, colony development, maturity, and dispersion are the successive phases that make up biofilm formation. Bacteria use quorum sensing to communicate and coordinate the biofilm development. In addition to causing problems with food, water, and industrial systems' quality and safety, biofilms are important in a number of clinical disorders, including dental plaque, catheter infections, and chronic wounds. Treatment and control methods are made more difficult by the growing antibiotic and disinfectant resistance of the microorganisms in these structures. Currently, strategies to inhibit biofilms include the use of natural antibiotics, enzymatic degradation, essential oils and various physical methods. In this context, strategies to prevent biofilm formation and disrupt existing structures are becoming increasingly important. This review discusses the formation mechanisms, structural properties and biofilm-related resistance factors of biofilms formed by microorganisms on living and inanimate surfaces, as well as methods of biofilm inhibition.
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